kruczkowski



(No ModeL) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. T. KRUOZKOWSKI.

CALENDAR CLOCK.

No. 319,588. Patented June 9, 1885.

WITNESSES N. PETERS. Phclo-Lilhcgnpher, Wlsnmglon, D. c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. T. KRUCZKOWSKI.

CALENDAR CLOCK.

No. 319,588. Patentd June 9, 1885.

WITNESSES" QMVMvM-I,

N. PETERS, PhnhrLrihngraphnr. Washinglun, D4 (1 (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. T. KRUGZKOWSKI.

CALENDAR CLOCK.

No. 319.588. Patented June 9, 1885.

WITNESSES W.%IVTOH )l, PETERS. PlwmLichn n hcr. Washington, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()rrrca.

THOMAS KRUOZKOWSKI, OF BARLOSOHNO, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

CALENDAR-CLOCK.

SPEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 319,588, dated June 9, 1885.

Application filed February 24, 1885. (No model.) Patented in Germany August 17, 1884, No. 31,294; in England October 31, 1884 N0. 14,440; in France October Ill, 1834, No. 165,116, and in Austria-Hungary January :14, 1:85, No. H.732 and No. 3,038.

To aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS KRUOZKOWSKI, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, rcsiding at the city or" Barlosohno, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented cer-' tain new and useful Improvements in Calendar-Clocks, (for which Letters Patent have been granted to me heretofore by the government of Germany, dated August 17, 1884, No. 31,294; Great Britain, dated October 31, 1884, No. 14,440; France, dated October 31, 1884, and Austrial lungary, dated January 24, 1885, Nos. 41,732 and 3, 038,) of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to an improved calendar-clock for indicating the dates of the Gregorian calendar; and the invention consists of an attachment to the arbor of the hour-hand, so as to indicate the date of each day of the year and leap years, as will more fully appear hereinafter, and finally be pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a front elevation of my improved calendar-clock. Fig. 2 is a rear view of the calendar attachment; Fig. 3, a side elevation.

Figs. 1 and 5 are front views of the attachment with the dial-plate removed. Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section of the attachment, and Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 are details of the different parts of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The apparatus is placed between the going part and the dial-plate of a clock. All its parts are mounted ona base-plate, A, situated between the ordinary clock-work and the dialplate. The plate or partition A is connected with the dial-plate B by means of stay-bolts and provided in the center with a sleeve, a, passing through the dial B and serving as a bearing for the arbor b of the hour-hand O. The arbor I) of the hour-hand carries close behind the partition A a small tooth-wheel, d, which gears into another tooth-wheel, c, of double the diameter, and which will be hereinafter called the daywvheel. This daywheel makes one complete revolution every twenty-four hours. Its short arbor c has its pivotal bearings in the partition A. This arbor c carries at its other end, close to each other, a star-wheel, having three teeth anda secondwheel, f, having only one tooth, Figs. 4, 5, 6, 8, 10. The wheel j" with one tooth gears at each revolution into a ratchet-wheel, g, and turns the same for the distance of one tooth. This wheel g, hereinafter called the montlrwheel, has thirty one teeth, and is screwed fast or made of one piece with another wheel, g, having forty-nine teeth, hereinafter called the l'orty-nine-tceth wheel. These two wheels 0 g turn freely on the hub of a disk, h, itself loosely mounted on the sleeve (6 of the partition A.

Under the teeth 29, 30, and 31 of the monlhwheel 5 there are three movable levers, z t" i, arranged in corresponding slots of the said two wheels 9 9, Figs. 10 and 11. The levers t t" are pivoted on small pins 7.: passing across the slots of the two wheels 9 g, and which are mounted in recesses situated about the center of the lovers 1. These levers are provided at their rear end with a nose, Z, by means of which they engage in the recesses of a wheel, a, mounted behind the forty nine teeth wheel. In this position (shown in Fig. 11) the forward ends at of the levers protude through the month-wheel 9. These levers with their noses Z are pressed into the recesses situated under the same by means of springs.

@n the hub of the disk hand close to the month-wheel {1 there is also mounted a wheel,

a, hereinafter called the founyears wheel.

The four-years wheel a is loosely mounted. It

has forty-eight teeth, and is provided 011 one of its surfaces with a series of sixteen holes of eleven holes arranged in four radial sets, three of the radial sets having each three holes and one radial set two holes. The latter group of holes may also be replaced by four radial slots at right angles to each other and of corresponding length. The holes of these sets or groups correspond to the position of the noses Z of the levers t't" i and serve, in combination with these levers, to set the mechanism on the first day of the months. The mechanism is so arranged that in February the noses Z of the levers it" i engage in the radially-arranged holes or slots. In March the noses Z are situarranged in pairs around its center at equal distances from the latter, and another group ated between the radial holes a and the circumferential holes a. In April they engage in one of the circumferential holes a, Fig. 9.

The four-years wheel a is further provided on the inside with a ring-wheel, p, of the same diameter, and having fifty teeth. The ringwheel or toothed ring p is adapted to turn freely on the projecting central part of the four-years wheel )2, and is held in position by a disk, 19, Figs. 4:, 7, and 8, which is screwed on. This toothed ring 1) has aprojecting pin, piwhich at each revolution of the ring 19, turns a pinion, q, for the distance of one tooth. This pinion q has four teeth, and is mounted 011 its arbor sidewise of the four-years wheel a. The arbor of this pinion passes through the fouryears wheel a, and carries at its other end asmall disk, q, sunk into the four-years wheel a, and having three notches placed at an angle of forty-five degrees to each other. The fourteeth pinion q and disk q are arrested in each of their positions by a spring, q", Fig. 7, acting as a pawl. The four-years wheel a gears on the one hand jointly with the ringwheelp into a small pinion, 0, pivoted to a large disk,

, h, opposite the base-plate, and hereinafter called cover-plate,-and on the other hand jointly with the forty-n'ine-teeth wheel 9 into a pinion, r, pivoted to the partition or baseplate A. The two last-mentioned pinions 0 and 1* have each eight teeth.

Next to the cover-plate ii there is also a ratchet-wheel, s, mounted loosely on the sleeve orhub a of the partition A. The hub of this ratchet-wheel 3 passes through the dial-plate B, and carries a hand, D, serving to indicate the date. The ratchet-wheel s is held in all its positions by a pawl, s, fixed to the partition A. The ratchet-wheel is held so that it can turn in neither direction without previously being disengaged from the pawl s. The ratchetwheels receives intermittent motion from the cover-plate h by means of a spring, t, secured to the said plate h, Figs. 4 and 5. In order to allow this springt the necessary play the ratchwheel 8 is recessed.

The above-described mechanism works as follows: The clock-work turns the pinion of the day-wheel e twice round within twentyfour hours by means of the hour-wheel and its arbor Z), and the said pinion (2 turns the daywheel c,which has twice as many teeth as the pinion (I once round within twentyfour hours. Simi'iltaneously with the day-wheel e the wheel f, which has only one tooth, is also turned round once, thereby turning the month-wheel g, having thirty-one teeth, for one tooth in the direction of the arrow, Figs. 5 and 10. The month-wheel g is thus turned for one tooth in twenty-four hours.- The motion of the month-wheel g is imparted through the auxiliary wheel 9, having forty-nine teeth, to the pinion 1", which gears into and turns the wheel it, having forty-eight teeth. The latter wheel, a, is thus turned for one tooth every month, and as it has one tooth loss (fortyeight) than the forty-nine-teeth wheel 9, which imparts the rotary motion to the pinion a, it

will make one turn more than the forty-nineteeth wheel within four years. For the month of February the four years or forty-eight-teeth wheel, a, is set so that the first set of three superposed holes or the slot at, at I, Fig. 9, are placed accurately under the ends Z of the three levers i i i mentioned above. The springs 9 cause the levers to engage in the said holes a, while the other ends an of the levers protrude from the month or thirty-oneteeth wheel 9. In this position the 28th of February has approached. On this day the tl'iirty-one-teeth wheel is turned within the firstseighteen hours for the twenty-ninth, thirtieth, and thirty-first tooth by means of the spur-wheelf, mounted on the arbor of the daywheel a, as mentioned above, and the three teeth of which engage with theprotruding ends in of the three levers i z" \Vithin the last six hours, however, the one-tooth-wheel f engages with its teeth the tooth No. 1 of the month-wheel g, and thus sets the latter on the 1st of March. Between the 5th and the 25th of March the four-years wheel 01 changes its position relatively to the thirty oneteeth or month wheel g, and the auxiliary wheel 7, owing to the different pitch of the teeth of the four-years wheel a and the auxiliary wheel g, in consequence of which the ends Z of the levers i t are simultaneously disengaged from the holes a of the wheel a, and the ends m oi the levers again recede into the month-wheel g. The month-wheel and auxiliary wheel 9 g are turned during the whole month of March solely by the tooth ot' the onetooth wheel f. In the meantime the four-years wheel a and the month-wheel and auxiliary wheel g 5 again alter their position relatively to each other, so that in April the end Z of the lever i engages in the next hole a of the month-wheel. a. The end an of the lever r consequently protrudes from the tliirty-one-teeth wheel and on the 30th of April the wheels g g are turned within the twelfth and eighteenth hours by the spur wheel 1'' for the thirty-first tooth and set on the 1st of May within the last six hours by the tooth of the one-tooth wheel f.

In this manner the mechanism continues to work during the other months, and during the second and third year. In the fourth year, however, when February has twenty-nine days, and in the leap-years 1700, 1800, and 1900, when February has twenty-eight days, while in'the year 2000, when February again has twenty-nine days, the mechanism is set in the following manner: The four-years wheel it, having forty eight teeth, and which turns round once in four years, gears into the pinion 0, having eight teeth, which is pivoted to the cover-plate 71, and imparts its motion through the pinion 0 to the ring-wheel 1), having lil'ty teeth. The ring-wheel thus remains within four years for two teeth behind the four-years wheel a, in consequence of which it makes one turn less than the four-years wheel it within one hundred years.

In the leap-year 1700 the wheel 1) with the projecting pin 12 turns the first tooth of the four-tooth pinion (1 only half-way, owing to which the first notch of the disk q is placed in front of the radially-arranged holes a. In this manner an opening is left for the end Zof the third lever, z, in the year 1700. The three levers z t" protrude with their ends from the monthiwheel g and g, is set by the spur-wheel f from the 28th of February to the 1st of March. After some months the projecting pin fully turns the step of the four-toothed pinion, and the notch of the disk q is placed sidewise out of the direction of the radially-arranged holes of. In the following years the uppermost hole of the radial set a N is covered by the fourtooth wheel q, so that at this place only two holes are brought into play, corresponding to the twenty-nine days of February.

In the years 1800 and 1900 the same takes place as in the year 1700. In the year 2000, however, when February has again twenty nine days, the uppermostthat is to say, the third hole, a N, Fig. 9-must again be covered, notwithstanding that the fourtooth wheel q (1 has only been turned half a division (length of pitch) by the projecting pin p This is effected by omitting the notch of the disk (coupled with the four-tooth wheel) at this place.

The date is indicated by the day-hand D, mounted on the hub of the ratchet-wheel s. The latter has thirty-one teeth, and is set in motion by the cover-plate h, which, within twenty-four hours, is turned for one thirtyfirst of a revolution-that is to say, for one tooth, by means of the one-tooth wheel f.-

In order to turn the day-hand D intermittently the ratchetwheel s is held by the pawl 8 until the day-wheel g has been turned for one tooth by the one-tooth wheel f. This stretches the spring 2, Fig. 6, and as soon as the pawl s is thrown out of gear the ratchetwheel 8 follows the cover-plate h. The rotary motion of the ratchet-wheel s is limited by a pin, 21, of the cover-plate h.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination, with the hour-wheel of a clock, of the wheels (1 eff g g, levers i di wheel a, having holes at and n ring-wheel p, disks 1 q, pinions 1' and 0, cover-plate h, having a spring, t, ratchet-wheel s, and hand D, substantially as set forth.

2. In a calendarclock, the combination, of a four-years wheel, at, having holes a and a with the wheels 9 9, having fulcrumed and springpressed levers i i i, substantially as specified.

3. In a calendar-clock, the combination of the four-years wheel n, ring-wheel p, disks (1 q, and pinion 0 for indicating the February with twenty-eight days in every century year and the February with twenty-nine days in every fourth century,substantiall y as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS KRUCZKOVVSK l.

Vitnesses:

HENRY KowssER, JULIAN LISINSKI. 

